Atmospheric Boundary Layer ************************** .. html metadata .. meta:: :description: Atmospheric Boundary Layer :keywords: Digital Wind Tunnel, Validation, Atmospheric Boundary Layer .. Public Project .. ============== .. .. link to insight page .. `AeroSim Web App`_ .. .. _AeroSim Web App: https://insight.aerosim.io/cp/TODEFINE/ .. animations, surfaces and contours .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/visuals_1.png :alt: Atmospheric Boundary Layer :figwidth: 100% :align: center 1. Project Description ====================== .. short description of the project The objective of this project is to reproduce the properties of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) through CFD-LES simulations. The wind profiles must reproduce the logaritmic equation from :footcite:p:`EN_1991_1_4`. .. reference .. footbibliography:: The reference heights used for velocity normalization was measured at :math:`H` = 150 m. One convective time scale is defined as :math:`CTS = H / U_{H}`. To achieve different velocity profiles for each terrain category, fins with height :math:`h` are distributed across the floor. The fins width was fixed in :math:`6` m and the spacing :math:`x\times y` in :math:`16\times32` m. After calibration steps, the required height for each category was: .. list of analyzed cases .. csv-table:: Wind Directions :file: /_static/vel_turb/abl/categories.csv :widths: 30, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14 :header-rows: 0 2. Simulation Setup =================== The Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) boundary condition is applied at the inlet of the computational domain. A Neumann boundary condition is applied at the remaining boundaries. The reference position is at :math:`1200` m from the inlet, and 3 grid refinement levels were assessed: .. ilustration of the grid .. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/abl/grid.svg :alt: Computational Grid :figwidth: 100% :align: center The simulation parameters were: .. csv-table:: Dimensionless Parameters :file: /_static/vel_turb/abl/params.csv :widths: 80, 20, 20, 20 :header-rows: 0 The equivalent parameters in full scale are: .. full scale parameters .. csv-table:: Full-scale Parameters :file: /_static/vel_turb/abl/full_scale.csv :widths: 80, 20, 20, 20 :header-rows: 0 The computational resources required were: .. csv-table:: Full-scale Parameters :file: /_static/vel_turb/abl/perf.csv :widths: 50, 30, 30, 30 :header-rows: 0 3. Results: Reference Position ============================== Average Velocity ---------------- **Category 0:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_0_velocity_profile.svg :alt: CAT 0 - Average velocity profile :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 1:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_1_velocity_profile.svg :alt: CAT I - Average velocity profile :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 2:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_2_velocity_profile.svg :alt: CAT II - Average velocity profile :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 3:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_3_velocity_profile.svg :alt: CAT III - Average velocity profile :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 4:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_4_velocity_profile.svg :alt: CAT IV - Average velocity profile :max-width: 640px :align: center Turbulence Intensity -------------------- **Category 0:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_0_turbulent_intensity.svg :alt: CAT 0 - Average turbulence intensity :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 1:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_1_turbulent_intensity.svg :alt: CAT I - Average turbulence intensity :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 2:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_2_turbulent_intensity.svg :alt: CAT II - Average turbulence intensity :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 3:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_3_turbulent_intensity.svg :alt: CAT III - Average turbulence intensity :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 4:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_4_turbulent_intensity.svg :alt: CAT IV - Average turbulence intensity :max-width: 640px :align: center Integral Lenght Scale --------------------- **Category 0:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_0_length_scale.svg :alt: CAT 0 - Integral length scale :max-width: 320px :align: center **Category 1:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_1_length_scale.svg :alt: CAT I - Integral length scale :max-width: 320px :align: center **Category 2:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_2_length_scale.svg :alt: CAT II - Integral length scale :max-width: 320px :align: center **Category 3:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_3_length_scale.svg :alt: CAT III - Integral length scale :max-width: 320px :align: center **Category 4:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_4_length_scale.svg :alt: CAT IV - Integral length scale :max-width: 320px :align: center Energy Spectra --------------- **Category 0:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_0_velocity_spectra.svg :alt: CAT 0 - Average velocity spectra :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 1:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_1_velocity_spectra.svg :alt: CAT I - Average velocity spectra :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 2:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_2_velocity_spectra.svg :alt: CAT II - Average velocity spectra :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 3:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_3_velocity_spectra.svg :alt: CAT III - Average velocity spectra :max-width: 640px :align: center **Category 4:** .. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/abl/category_4_velocity_spectra.svg :alt: CAT III - Average velocity spectra :max-width: 640px :align: center Execution Notes =============== .. csv-table:: Execution Notes :file: /_static/vel_turb/abl/exec.csv :widths: 50, 50 :header-rows: 0 Changelog ========= .. memory of execution .. admonition:: Execution Notes **18 April 2024** * Uploaded point comparisons, simulations executed with Nassu release v1.5.4.