Bolund Island
*************

.. html metadata
.. meta::
   :description: Bolund Island
   :keywords: Digital Wind Tunnel, Validation, Bolund Island

.. Public Project
.. ==============
.. .. link to insight page
.. `AeroSim Web App`_

.. .. _AeroSim Web App: https://insight.aerosim.io/cp/TODEFINE/

.. figure_expand:: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/visuals_1.png
   :alt: Bolund Island
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center

1. Project Description
======================

.. short description of the project

The objective of this project is to reproduce the wind flow properties over the Bolund Island, as measured on-site by :footcite:p:`berg2011bolund`.
One convective time scale is defined as :math:`CTS = H / U_H`, where :math:`H =` 12 meters is the nominal height of the island.

.. Cite experimental database or paper

.. footbibliography::

The island positioned at the computational domain has the geometry:

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_geometry.png
   :alt: Bolund Island geometry
   :max-width: 640px
   :align: center

And probes are positioned over the island for velocity measurement:

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_probes.png
   :alt: Bolund Island coordinates
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center

The wind directions chosen to be simulated were:

.. list of analyzed cases
.. csv-table:: Wind Directions
   :file: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/cases.csv
   :widths: 25, 25, 25, 25
   :header-rows: 0


2. Simulation Setup
===================

The Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) boundary condition is applied at the inlet of the computational domain.
Since it is a category 0 terrain, no fins were necessary to be distributed over the floor.

The domain of interest is at resolution level :math:`lvl\,4` of the digital wind tunnel:

.. Top and lateral views, indicating the box and body refinements
.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_grid.png
   :alt: Bolund Island Grid
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center
   
A 1:2 refinement ratio is estabilished between levels, and the simulation parameters at grid :math:`lvl\,4` were:

.. csv-table:: Dimensionless Parameters
   :file: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/params.csv
   :widths: 80, 20
   :header-rows: 0

The equivalent parameters in full scale are:

.. full scale parameters
.. csv-table:: Full-scale Parameters
   :file: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/full_scale.csv
   :widths: 80, 20
   :header-rows: 0

The computational resources required were:

.. csv-table:: Computational Resources
   :file: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/perf.csv
   :widths: 50, 30, 30, 30
   :header-rows: 0

3. Inflow
=========

The inflow is taken from a measurement at M0.

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_M0_255.svg
      :alt: Bolund Island
      :figwidth: 100%
      :align: center


4. Results: Velocity and Turbulence Profiles
============================================

Mean velocity and turbulence intensity profiles are measuread at different points for each wind direction chosen and compared against experimental data.

Mean Longitudinal Velocity
--------------------------

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_vel_270.svg
   :alt: Bolund Island
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_vel_255.svg
   :alt: Bolund Island
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center

.. figure_expand:: ../../_static/vel_turb/bolund/bolund_vel_239.svg
   :alt: Bolund Island
   :figwidth: 100%
   :align: center


Execution Notes
===============

.. csv-table:: Execution Notes
   :file: /_static/vel_turb/bolund/exec.csv
   :widths: 50, 50
   :header-rows: 0

Changelog
=========

* **30 Jan 2025**: Updated results.
* **26 April 2024**: Uploaded point comparisons, simulations executed with Nassu release v1.5.4.